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THE POLITICAL DIMENSION OF GLOBALISATION
In the modern era of new inventions and technological advances, globalisation has taken on many cultural, social, economic and political dimensions. In most cases, more attention is paid to the economic dimension of globalisation, but on the other hand, other aspects, such as the political dimension, are equally important. The political dimension of globalisation refers to the proliferation and intensification of political interactions between states and individuals around the world (Karacan and Ergin, 2011). Globalisation has profoundly changed the political sphere worldwide, as it has led to the growth of transnational organisations around the world, the increase in the influence of non-state actors and the strengthening of global interdependence. International politics is based on force, whether by implication or credible threat. States are now no longer the only key actors, military issues no longer dominate, the conditions under which force is an effective tool have diminished, and international politics focuses on international organisations such as the IMF, The Word Bank, the WTO, giant corporations.... and no longer so much inter-state relations (Rifai, 2013). Political leaders have an increasingly weak influence on people and the older form of geopolitics is over. In the author's view, the growth of the world economy, even without the influence of international super-organisations, is enough to diminish the power of nation states. One of the biggest criticisms of institutions such as the WTO, the EU and the UN is that they are full of unelected bureaucrats. The managers who make decisions and recommendations and administer programmes are not directly accountable to the people affected by their decisions. Similarly, decisions made in multinational agreements are made not only by citizens of one country, but also by leaders of other, possibly competing, countries (Rifai, 2013). A very well-known definition of political globalisation is given by William R. Thompson, who defines it as "The expansion of the global political system and its institutions in which international transactions (including, but not limited to, trade) are managed". It is primarily the blurring of boundaries between nation states in order to reduce friction between nations. This can be achieved in all areas of political and social life, including (Drew, 2023): reducing barriers to migration, reducing barriers to the movement of goods and services, agreeing common standards for labour, intellectual property and environmental protection.
SLOVENIA, 2023 Author: Andraž KONC EIU-Paris